Just because I saw a video about it in my youtube algorithm and i didn’t have the exact idea of how it works. 😂

utf-8 explained

E9 Example

utf-16 explained

Feature UTF-8 UTF-16
Byte size 1–4 bytes 2 or 4 bytes
Endianness No Yes (UTF-16LE or UTF-16BE)
ASCII efficient ❌ (always 2 bytes)
Non-Latin efficient
Web default
Character Unicode UTF-8 bytes UTF-16 bytes
A U+0041 41 00 41
é U+00E9 C3 A9 00 E9
😀 U+1F600 F0 9F 98 80 D8 3D DE 00