Name resolution: Process of using DNS to turn a domain name into an IP address is known as name resolution

Remember that MAC addresses are hard-coded and tied to specific pieces of hardware.

But four things must be specifically configured:

• IP address
• subnet mask
• gateway for a host
• dns server

Computers can work without dns configured or without dns but it makes things difficult for any human that might be using that computer

There are five primary types of DNS servers:

1. Caching name servers
2. Recursive name servers
3. Root name servers
4. TLD name servers
5. Authoritative name servers

Important to note that any given DNS server can fulfill many of these roles at once

Caching and recursive name servers

Purpose s to store known domain name lookups for a certain amount of time

Generally provided by the ISP.

There are lots of steps in order to perform a fully qualified resolution of a domain name. This is prevented by the ISP with their caching name server available.

Recursive name servers